Using an original three dimensional transfer matrix method, we solved the electromagnetic wave propagation problem in the general case of laterally periodic stratified media and we compared this solution with effective medium approximated solution. On the basis of typical pyramid sizes, we demonstrated, through numerical simulations. the optimization of the global light energy intake by means of corrugations of increasing complexity. The best structures were found to be based oil

pyramid arrays having subwavelength period, and aspect ratio values close to one. Typically, a pyramidal structure with base and height both equal to 300 nm led to a global energy intake equal to I=0 98 (integrated over the spectral range 400-710 nm), which represented a 24% improvement in comparison with the global energy intake of SB203580 chemical structure a planar structure (I=0.79). (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3253755]“
“The present study

LCL161 research buy investigated the mechanism of Japanese apricot extract (JAE) in inhibiting lung cancer cells proliferation. JAE inhibited A549 lung cancer cell proliferation at non-cytotoxic doses and suppressed nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation induced by TNF-alpha at a dose of 1 mg/mL (p < 0.05). Proteasome activities of A549 cells were blocked by JAE in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.67 and 1 mg/mL (p < 0.05). These results indicate that JAE has anti-proliferative activity against A549 cells and suppresses NF-kappa B activation, partially due to inhibiting

proteasome activity.”
“NR-graft-PHEMA latexes were synthesized by the use of graft emulsion polymerization. By increasing the HEMA monomer concentration, We found that the grafting percentage (GP) also increased. In addition, GP increased significantly at low initiator concentrations before it leveled off at moderate concentrations, and a slight decrease was observed at high initiator Bcl-2 inhibitor concentrations. NR-g-PHEMA latexes were prepared as pervaporation membranes for the separation of water-acetone mixtures. From the equilibrium swelling, the nonideal behavior of membrane swelling in water-acetone mixtures was found such that there appeared the maximum swelling degree at a certain concentration of liquid mixtures. Moreover, the water concentration at maximum Swelling shifted to high water concentration with increasing amount Of graft-PHEMA. The sorption study suggested the preferential sorption of water on the membranes. Also, the sorption isotherms implied that there was a coupling between water and acetone molecules. Pervaporation separation of water-acetone mixtures was Studied with NR-g-PHEMA membranes. As the feed water concentration increased, the partial water fluxes increased in contrast to the Partial fluxes of acetone. From the permeation ratio, theta(w), the strong coupling of acetone on the water transport was observed, Particularly for the membrane with high graft-PHEMA Under acetone-rich conditions.