For each pond, we asked: should it be restored to a tidal marsh or kept as a managed pond,

and with what salinity and depth? We used habitat relationship models as inputs to non-linear integer programs to find optimal or near-optimal solutions. We found that a simple linear objective, based on maximizing a weighted sum of G418 clinical trial standardized species’ abundance, led to homogeneous solutions (all-pond or all-marsh). Maximizing a log-linear objective yielded more heterogeneous configurations that benefit more species. Including landscape terms in the models resulted in slightly greater habitat aggregation, but generally favored pond-associated species. It also led to the placement of certain habitats near the bay’s edge. Using the log-linear objective, optimal restoration configurations ranged from 9% to 60% tidal marsh, depending on the species weighting, highlighting

the importance of thoughtful a priori consideration of priority species. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Frequency response of the nonisothermal viscoelastic film blowing process to the ongoing sinusoidal disturbances has been investigated using transient simulation techniques. Of the many state variables exhibiting resonant peaks A-1331852 ic50 with the input frequency, amplitude ratio of the film cross-sectional area at the freezeline height has been used as an indicator of the process sensitivity. The effects of operating conditions and viscoelasticity on the sensitivity have been scrutinized around the middle point of three multiple steady states under the given conditions. ACY-738 supplier The sensitivity results have been interpreted through their correlation with results from linear stability analysis. Increasing draw ratio generally makes the system more sensitive to sinusoidal disturbances, whereas the cooling induces more sensitive or less sensitive system, according to the location of a steady state. Also, the viscoelasticity makes the system of extensional thickening fluids more sensitive at low Deborah number

and less sensitive at high Deborah number. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“While variations in antifungal prophylaxis have been previously reported in lung transplant (LTx) recipients, recent clinical practice is unknown. Our aim was to determine current antifungal prophylactic practice in LTx centers world-wide. One nominated LTx clinician from each active center was invited by e-mail to participate in a web-based survey between September 2009 and January 2010. Fifty-seven percent (58/102) responded. The majority of responses were from medical directors of LTx centers (72.4%), and from the United States (44.8%). Within the first 6 months post-LTx, most centers (58.6%) employed universal prophylaxis, with 97.1% targeting Aspergillus species.