(C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Orientation CP is the faster or more accurate discrimination RAD001 purchase of two orientations from different categories (e.g., oblique1 and vertical1) compared to two orientations from the same category (e.g., oblique1 and oblique2), even when the degree of difference is equated across conditions. Here, we assess whether there are hemispheric asymmetries in this effect for adults and 5-month-old infants. Experiment I identified the location of the vertical-oblique category boundary. Experiment

2, using a visual search task with oriented lines found that adult search was more accurate when the target and distractors were from different orientation categories, compared to targets and distractors of an equivalent physical difference taken from the same category. This effect was stronger for targets lateralized to the left visual field (LVF) than the right visual field (RVF), indicating a right hemisphere (RH) bias in adult orientation CP. Experiment 3, replicated the RH bias using different stimuli and also investigated the impact of visual

and verbal interference on the category effect. Experiment 4, using the same visual search task, found that infant search was also faster when the target and distractors were from different orientation categories than PF299804 in vivo the same, yet this category effect was stronger for RVF than LVF lateralized targets, indicating a LH bias in orientation CP at 5 months. These findings are contrasted to equivalent studies on the lateralization of color CP (e.g., Gilbert, Regier, Kay, & Ivry, 2005). The implications for theories on the contribution of the left and

right hemispheres of the infant and adult brain to categorical computations are discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“1. The effect of temperature oil the activity of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata was investigated through field Surveys and laboratory trials.

2. Ruboxistaurin concentration During winter most snails in the field were inactive but not in a deep lethargic state; the temperature at which half of the snails were active was 13-15 degrees C.

3. The time spent active and feeding increased with temperature between 10 and 30 degrees C, exposure time being unimportant except in foul water at 35 degrees C, while tirne spent crawling remained constant above 10 degrees C.

4. Activity decreased above 30 degrees C but no heat coma was observed with temperatures raised to 36.2 degrees C.

5. Under fluctuating temperatures, the rate of change in the percentage of active snails during cooling was higher than during warming, whereas the temperature at which half of the snails were active was lower. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.