5) * According to the third English edition of the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma [4]. † According to the seventh edition of the International Union Against Cancer TNM guidelines [3]. Relationships between clinicopathological characteristics and nodal metastases are shown https://www.selleckchem.com/autophagy.html in Table 2. The only characteristic significantly associated with nodal metastases was lymphatic invasion in pT1b2 tumors. Table 2 Results of univariate analyses showing relationships between clinicopathological characteristics and lymph node metastases Variables
pT1a tumor (n = 161) pT1b1 tumor (n = 43) pT1b2 tumor (n = 123) pN(+) p-value pN(+) p-value pN(+) p-value Total 4/161 (2.5%) 4/43 (9.3%) 37/123 (30.1%) Sex 0.6269 0.2802 0.8309 Male 3/88 (3.4%) 4/28 (14.3%) 26/88 (29.6%) Female 1/73 (1.4%) 0/15 11/35 (31.4%) Age 0.6332 0.3449 0.8432 < 65 3/91 (3.3%) 3/21 (14.3%) 16/51 (31.4%) 65 ≤ 1/70 (1.4%) 1/22 (4.6%) Palbociclib ic50 21/72 (29.2%) Main tumor site 0.1903 0.2707 0.1129 Upper 0/19 0/3 3/21 (14.3%) Middle 4/89 (4.5%) 4/27 (14.8%) 17/59 (28.8%) Lower 0/53 0/13 17/43
(39.5%) Clinical macro type 0.5655 0.5579 0.4764 Depressed or excavated 3/131 (2.3%) 4/33 (12.1%) 27/96 (28.1%) Flat or elevated 1/30 (3.3%) 0/10 10/27 (37.0%) Pathological macro type 1.0000 1.0000 0.4764 Depressed 4/139 (2.9%) 4/37 (10.8%) 27/96 (28.1%) Flat or elevated 0/22 0/6 10/27 (37.0%) Ulceration 0.1287 0.3235 0.4200 No 0/72 1/23 (4.4%) 21/77 (27.3%) Yes 4/89 (4.5%) 3/20 (15.0%) 16/46 (34.8%) Main histologic type 0.1252 0.4672 0.8441 Differentiated 0/74 2/29 (6.9%) 19/66 (28.8%) Undifferentiated 4/87 (4.6%) 2/14 (14.3%) 18/57 (31.6%) Pathological tumor size 1.0000 1.0000 0.0589
≤20 mm 1/60 (1.7%) 0/7 4/28 (14.3%) 20 mm< 3/101 (2.5%) 4/36 (11.1%) 33/95 (34.7%) Pathological tumor size 0.3083 1.0000 0.1730 ≤30 mm 1/96 (1.0%) 2/21 (9.5%) 13/55 (23.6%) 30 mm< 3/65 (4.6%) 2/22 (9.1%) 24/68 (35.3%) Lymphatic invasion † 0.0731 L-NAME HCl 0.5227 < 0.0001** L0 3/158 (1.9%) 3/36 (8.3%) 4/52 (7.7%) L1-2 1/3 (33.3%) 1/7 (14.3%) 33/71 (46.5%) Venous invasion † 1.0000 1.0000 0.4200 V0 4/160 (2.5%) 4/42 (9.5%) 21/77 (27.3%) V1-3 0/1 0/1 16/46 (34.8%) ** p < 0.01. † According to the seventh edition of the International Union Against Cancer TNM guidelines [3]. We combined pT1a (m) and pT1b1 (sm1) tumors into one group because the incidence of nodal metastases was under 10% in both, and compared relationships between histological types and nodal metastases in the pT1a-pT1b1 (m-sm1) and pT1b2 (sm2) groups (Table 3). A total of 45 out of 327 patients had nodal metastases, including 8 of the 204 patients in the pT1a-pT1b1 (m-sm1) group.