Compared to the control, the dispersive component was significantly increased in the S35 group (presence of saliva) and decreased in the T35 group (absence of saliva). The total surface free energy was also higher in all the experimental

groups compared to the control; the differences were statistically significant for the S25 and S35 groups (smooth surface; absence of saliva), CHIR-99021 S30, S35 groups (rough surface; absence of saliva) and HP25, HP30, HP35, HE25, T25 groups (rough surface; presence of saliva). For the control group, Table 2 also shows that there were no significant differences in polar and dispersive components, as well as the surface free energy, between uncoated and saliva-coated specimens. For the experimental groups, saliva significantly decreased the polar component for S25 group (smooth surface), S25, S30 and S35 groups (rough surfaces), and significantly increased for the HP25, HP30 and HE25 groups (rough surfaces). The dispersive component significantly increased after incubation with saliva for S35 group, regardless of the surface roughness. The total surface free energy of

rough surfaces was significantly decreased in the presence of saliva for the S30 group, while for HP25, HE25 and T25 groups, a significant increase was noted. For specimens fabricated between glass plates (smooth surfaces), there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in absorbance values among the groups ( Table 3). This indicates similar C. albicans initial selleck kinase inhibitor biofilm formation. For specimens fabricated in contact with the stone (rough surfaces), S30, S35 and HP30 groups had significantly lower (p < 0.05) absorbance values than the control group. When controls were compared, a higher mean absorbance value was observed for rough surfaces (p < 0.05). All negative controls exhibited

no metabolic activity (data not shown). Surface compositions evaluated by XPS analysis are shown in Table 4. Spectra of the unmodified surfaces showed peaks for carbon (75.3 at.%), oxygen (23.0 at.%), and silicon (0.3 at.%). After the coatings application, however the percentage of the elements changed, particularly for HP and S coatings. HP resulted in a decrease of C 1s and an increase of O 1s and Si 2p; a new peak attributed to phosphor appeared. The S coating which contains sulfobetaine resulted in an increased C 1s peak and Si 2p and a decreased peak for O 1s. An additional peak for the presence of sulphur (0.5 at.%) was also observed. In this study, two methods of specimen preparation were used (between glass plates or in contact with stone), and smooth and rough surfaces were obtained. The adhesion of C. albicans to the denture base acrylic resin, as determined by the XTT assay, showed that, in control group, there was greater adhesion of C. albicans to rough surfaces than to smooth surfaces.